aisle
Τhe part of the naos of a church set off by the internal rows of piers or columns, namely by the structures supporting the roof.
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architrave or epistyle
The lowest part of an entablature resting on the columns capitals and supporting the frieze.
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capital
The uppermost part of a column or pillar crowning the shaft and supporting the entablature. The decoration of the capital characteristizes the ancient greek orders of architecture. In Doric order the capitals are decorated with abacus and echinus, in Ionic with spiral scrolls (volutes), while the corinthian capitals are composed of small corner volutes and a basket-shaped body decorated with rows of acanthus leaves.
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cavea
Τhe auditorium or audience sitting of a theater.
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cyma / cymation
Moulding decoration with ovals or tri-cusps alternating with lotus flowers. It was meant to separate or to lay stress upon two surfaces. In ancient architecture we distinguish Doric, Ionic and Lesbian cymation, according to their decoration and section form.
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frieze (1. architecture), (2. painting)
1. The part of the entablature resting on the architrave and below the cornice. In the Doric order the frieze is decorated with two alternative motives, namely the triglyph and metope, while in the Ionic order the frieze is a decoratively carved band.2. Decorative horizontal band that sweeps parts of a vessel or the highest part of the walls in a room.
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obverse
The face of the coin which bears the more important device. Due to ambiguities that sometimes exist, many numismatists prefer to use the term for the side struck by the lower (anvil) die.
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orchestra
The performance space of the ancient Greek and Roman theatre, placed between the scene building and the cavea. It was usually semi-circular in shape and rarely circular.
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peripteral temple
Having a single row of columns on all sides.
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podium
The base of a building
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pteron, the
A collonade parallel to, but apart from the cella.
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scene (lat. scaena -ae)
The stage building of the ancient theaters originally used for storage but provided a convenient backing for performances.
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stoa, portico, the
A long building with a roof supported by one or two colonnades parallel to its back wall.
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stylobate
The top step of the crepidoma (the stepped foundation of an ancient Greek building) from which the columns rise.
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three-aisled basilica
An oblong type of church internally divided into three aisles: the middle and the two side aisles. The middle aisle is often lighted by an elevated clerestory. In the Early Byzantine years this type of church had huge dimensions.
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